Section A: Definitions
- Define Ecosystem. Give one example of an artificial ecosystem.
- What are Trophic Levels? Give an example of a food chain with four levels.
- Define Biological Magnification. Which level is most affected?
- Differentiate between Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable substances.
- What is a Food Web? How is it different from a food chain?
- Define 10% Law of energy flow.
- What are Decomposers? Name two examples.
Section B: Environmental Issues
- What is Ozone? How is it formed in the atmosphere?
- Why is the Ozone layer important for life on Earth?
- Name the synthetic chemicals mainly responsible for Ozone depletion.
- What was the Montreal Protocol? When was it agreed upon?
- List two problems caused by non-biodegradable waste (plastics).
- Why is segregation of waste necessary before disposal?
Section C: Structure of Ecosystem
- Why are green plants called producers?
- What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem? If they are removed, what will happen? (Nutrient
cycling stops).
- Why do food chains generally consist of only 3 or 4 steps? (Loss of energy).
- In a food chain consisting of Grass -> Frog -> Snake -> Hawk, which organism contains maximum
energy?
- The number of Herbivores is always greater than Carnivores. Why?
Section D: Simple Application
- If 10,000 J of solar energy falls on green plants, how much energy is available to plants? (1% of
10000 = 100J).
- In the chain Grass -> Deer -> Lion, if Grass has 100 J energy, how much reaches the Lion? (100 -> 10
-> 1J).
- Why is the flow of energy in an ecosystem strictly unidirectional?
- Give reason: "Energy flow in a food chain is always unidirectional."
- What will happen if we kill all the carnivores in a forest?
