Section A: Nutrition & Digestion
- Define Photosynthesis. Write the balanced chemical equation for it.
- What is the role of Acid (HCl) in our stomach? (Give 2 points).
- What are Villi? What is their function and where are they located?
- What is the function of Bile Juice? Does it contain any enzyme?
- Differentiate between Autotrophic and Heterotrophic nutrition.
- How does Amoeba obtain its nutrition? Explain with a simple flow.
- What is the role of Saliva in the digestion of food?
- Name the final products of digestion of Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats.
- How do guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomatal pores?
- Why is the small intestine longer in herbivores than in carnivores?
Section B: Respiration
- Differentiate between Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration. (End products and Energy).
- Write the pathway of breakdown of glucose in:
(a) Presence of Oxygen (Mitochondria)
(b) Lack of Oxygen (Muscle Cells)
(c) Absence of Oxygen (Yeast)
- Why do we get muscle cramps after heavy exercise?
- What is the role of rings of cartilage in the trachea?
- How are alveoli designed to maximize the exchange of gases?
- Why acts the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms?
- What is the function of Haemoglobin in our body?
- Name the three carbon molecule formed during respiration. (Pyruvate).
- Where does the first step of the breakdown of glucose (Glycolysis) take place?
Section C: Transportation & Excretion
- Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds?
- Write two differences between Arteries and Veins.
- What is Double Circulation? Why is it efficient?
- What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these
components?
- What is the role of Transpiration in plants? (Ascent of SAP + Cooling).
- Differentiate between Xylem and Phloem (Direction of flow & Material).
- Describe the structure and functioning of a Nephron. (Briefly).
- What are the methods used by plants to get rid of excretory products?
- How is the amount of urine produced regulated?
- What is the role of Platelets in the blood? What happens if they are absent?
- What is Lymph? State its function.