Distance between two points \( A(x_1, y_1) \) and \( B(x_2, y_2) \) derived from Pythagoras Theorem. Distance from origin \( O(0,0) \) is \( OP = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2} \).
Points A, B, C lie on same line if \( AB + BC = AC \) or Area(\( \triangle ABC \)) = 0.
• Square: 4 sides equal & diagonals equal.
• Rhombus: 4 sides equal.